Comparative genomics of the white guinea yam dioscorea rotundata and other angiosperm species. Molecular marker based taxonomy and phylogeny of guinea yam. Progress in yam breeding is constrained by variable flowering behaviour, making hybridization difficult. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. Under natural day length the male varieties flowered earlier than the female. Fulltext functional properties of bitter yam dioscorea dumetorum as influenced by soaking prior to ovendrying. One of the methods developed to address this limitation is the adapted yam minisett technique aymt and since 2012 the aymt has been promoted in both nigeria and. White guinea yam dioscorea rotundata by michaelp oct 31, 2005 7. Effect of photoperiod on the development of inflorescences in. Evaluation of six cultivars of white yam dioscorea rotundata across three yamgrowing areas in southeastern nigeria volume 127 issue 4 c. Many species of dioscorea contain sapogenin, a compound having medicinal value. White yam dioscorea rotundata is a major root crop grown throughout west africa and a major limitation on its production is the availability of good quality i.
Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological. Sample preservation and plant sex prediction in white. White or guinea yam dioscorea rotundata, grown for its underground tubers, is an important food in west africa. Pdf tuberisation was obtained in vitro on yam dioscorea. Fungal pathogen, nutrient composition, dioscorea rotundata dioscorea alata. Dioscorea rotundata ufenyi and dioscorea bulbifera wild were used in interspecific hybridization or crossing. The aim of this study was to identify and define the phases of dormancy in dioscorea rotundata tubers, and to produce a framework within which dormancy can be more effectively studied.
The domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata is still an active. Yams description yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus dioscorea family dioscoreaceae that form edible tubers. First report of meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber. Researchers sequence guinea yam genome genetics sci. Africa, where the starchy tuber is cooked and pounded into what resembles firm mashed potato for use as an accompaniment to stewed dishes. Field performance of seed yam dioscorea rotundata poir derived from tissue culture and aeroponics seedlings.
Belonging to the monocotyledon the dioscorea genus, under the family dioscoreaceae, there are about 450 known. A new approach to improvement of yam dioscorea rotundata. A total of six yam genotypes, dioscorea rotundata poir tdr 1, tdr 335, tdr 9700925, tdr 9801230, tdr 98 00718 and tdr 9700940, obtained from the germplasm collection unit of iita were used to evaluate the tuberization potentials from vine cuttings of some yam clones. Dioscorea rotundata is an economically important food crop in many tropical countries as many people in this region depend on it for food and livelihood. This article is published with open access at abstract dioscorea rotundata, commonly known as white. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew.
Contribution of aroma compounds to the antioxidant. Random amplified polymorphic dna rapd and microsatelliteprimed pcr mppcr analysis yielded 246 informative characters that were transformed into a matrix of pairwise distances. Yam clones may be dioecious, monoecious or hermaphrodite with variable sex ratios. Drying characteristics of yam slices dioscorea rotundata. Mcf7 and mdamb231 derived from a luminal and triplenegative breast cancer tnbc respectively and to confirm safety in nontumour cells mcf10a using a well established cytotoxic compound paclitaxel as a standard. To paraphrase david, edible bulbiferas are hard to find.
Effects of methods of seedbed preparation and mulching on the growth and yield of white yam dioscorea rotundata on an ultisol in southeast nigeria. Kokoro is one of its most important cultivars it is sometimes treated as separate species from dioscorea cayennensis its wild progenitor is dioscorea praehensilis. In this study, 26 in vivo pollinated ovaries with ovules were obtained from 43 pollinated flowers after 10, 20, 30, 40 days after pollination dap. The white yam dioscorea rotundata poir was characterized, drum dried to different moisture levels, and stored at temperatures of 21. A field study evaluated the leaf numbers, leaf area indices, crop growth, yields, and nitrogen n and potassium k use efficiencies of d. Domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata within. Improved propagation methods to raise the productivity of. Efficient elimination of yam mosaic virus ymv from white. Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. The plant is often purposely grown at spare points on the land as an insurance against famine years, and is also encouraged in hedgerows around a farm and.
Efficient elimination of yam mosaic virus ymv from white yam. Yam tuber belongs to the family dioscoreacea and its. Improved propagation methods to raise the productivity of yam. Dioscorea yam species are made up of 6 genera of tuberous climbing plants. Several days after pollination, 153 ovules were observed. A new approach to improvement of yam dioscorea rotundata nature. Dioscorea rotundata an overview sciencedirect topics. Im trying to acquire as many as i can, and i trade mine when theres surplus. Growth and nutrient use efficiencies of yams dioscorea. Dioscorea alata has had to com pete with native species of yams in west africa, where it has be come a second or third best yam. This study was conducted in bringakro 6 401n, 5 091w, 150 m alt.
It is sometimes treated as separate species from dioscorea cayennensis. Guinea yams have been in cultivation in west africa. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in white yam dioscorea rotundata pdf paperity toggle navigation. The aplication of mutation induction by gamma irradiation on. Plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in. Belonging to the monocotyledon the dioscorea genus, under the family dioscoreaceae, there are about 450 known species mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical. Impact of the adapted yam minisett technique on ware yam. Domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata. The main yam species cultivated as a tuber crop in this region. Some approaches to producing quality seed of yam are as follows. Fungal pathogen, nutrient composition, dioscorea rotundata. Pdf the productivity of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir must increase to.
These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania. All investigated species fell into two main clusters, one comprising d. Molecular marker based taxonomy and phylogeny of guinea. The aim of this study was to identify and define the phases of dormancy in dioscorea rotundata tubers, and to produce a framework within which. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. Dioscorea rotundata is the most popular variety of yams grown in nigeria and over 600 species are cultivated all over the world 3. Yam production business plan download in nigeria myschooltrick. Oct 31, 2005 white guinea yam dioscorea rotundata by michaelp oct 31, 2005 7. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family. The results obtained suggests that the presence of carbohydrate, protein and fat is of primary importance for the survival and successful establishment of the pathogens within the tissue of yam.
Flowering intensity in white yam dioscorea rotundata. Media in category dioscorea rotundata the following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. Pdf field performance of seed yam dioscorea rotundata. Multiplication ratios are low, and seed tubers are prone to contamination with pests and pathogens in the traditional systems of production.
First report of meloidogyne enterolobii causing tuber galling. True yam plants are climbing perennial vines with heartshaped leaves. Micropropagation of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir. Methods plants of tdr 1 derived from tissue culture were grown in a glasshouse simulating temperature and photoperiod at ibadan 7n, nigeria to. Vine cuttings technology in food yam discorea rotundata.
Towards sustainable production of new varieties of. Dioscorea rotundata diurooverview eppo global database. Methods for highquality dna extraction and knowledge of sex expression and flowering time are essential for applying genomicassisted breeding and improve the success with hybridization in guinea yam. The domestication of yams dioscorea cayenensisrotundata is still an active process in west africa, but so far no specific research has been conducted to collect the knowledge held by traditional societies in which the yam is an important part of civilization. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were. It serves as a staple food thus forming a major source of energy to the diet. Plant regeneration from axillary bud derived callus in white yam dioscorea rotundata rajesh manoharan1 jaindra nath tripathi1 leena tripathi1 received. Obtaining good quality planting material for yam cultivation is a major challenge. Storage rot of some yams dioscorea spp in keffi and. Dansi a, mignouna hd, zoundjihekpon j, sangare a, asiedu r, ahoussou n 2000 using isozyme polymorphism to assess genetic variation within cultivated yams dioscorea cayenensisdioscorea rotundata complex of the republic of benin. Sample preservation and plant sex prediction in white guinea. Article information, pdf download for domestication of yams dioscorea. Mineral and toxicant levels in yam dioscorea rotundata diets.
Towards sustainable production of new varieties of dioscorea. Drying characteristics of yam slices dioscorea rotundata in. Dioscorea species constitute one of the staple carbohydrate foods for people in the tropics 2. There, this species is associated with millennia of cultivation and probably with the origins of agriculture. Dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea convolvulacea yam dioscorea dumetorum bitter yam. Studies on nanobiotechnology control of postharvest rot in yam. Interspecific crossing between yam species dioscorea. It belongs to the family of dioscoreae within the genus dioscorea and serves as a staple crop in west africa. Growth and nutrient use efficiencies of yams dioscorea spp.
Sep 25, 2017 comparative genomics of the white guinea yam dioscorea rotundata and other angiosperm species. The aplication of mutation induction by gamma irradiation. Dry rot dr disease caused by the root lesion nematode pratylenchus coffeae and internal dry rot disease caused by penicillium spp. Originating in africa, yams dioscorea rotundata are tuberous vegetables very similar in appearance, but not related to sweet potatoes. Oct 28, 2019 yam, a tropical crop in the genus dioscorea, has as many as 600 species out of which six are economically important staple species. The response of white yam dioscorea rotundata poir tuber. Pdf tuber formation and development of dioscorea cayenensis.
Fresh and stored samples were analyzed for changes in color, ascorbic acid and organoleptic qualities. Yams boast a good fiber content, are low in fat, starchy and a bit dry. Yam dioscorea rotundata genotypes that were used are ogoja, meccakusa, danacha and tdr8902665. Dansi a, mignouna hd, zoundjihekpon j, sangare a, asiedu r, ahoussou n 2000 using isozyme polymorphism to assess genetic variation within cultivated yams dioscorea cayenensis dioscorea rotundata complex of the republic of benin. Abstract background and aims the control of dormancy in yam disocorea spp. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Phases of dormancy in yam tubers dioscorea rotundata. This species of yam is an important food crop in parts of the indian subcontinent and particularly in equatorial w. Fertilization is an important management strategy of yams dioscorea spp. Pdf root distribution patterns of white yam dioscorea rotundata.
Four different molecular techniques were used to assess relationships among 21 accessions of guinea yam dioscorea rotundata and dioscorea cayenensis and 21 accessions belonging to seven putative progenitor species. This study aims to determine the lethal dose of gamma rays that may cause yam can grow 50 percent ld 50 in mv1 generation, and also wanted to know the effect of gamma ray irradiation dose on. They have a good nutritional profile and are a moderate source of important nutrients such as vitamin c and b vitamins, as well as potassium, copper and manganese. Freshly dried and reconstituted yam flakes were judged highly acceptable compared to conventionally mashed fresh yam. Personal observations made in the zone from guinea to northern cameroon, however, long ago convinced the authors that rural. A dioecious or monoecious pattern of flowering and sometimes nonflowering is a common phenomenon within and between the dioscorea species. Specie dioscorea rotundata is particularly susceptible to the virus yam mosaic virus ymv. It is named after the ancient greek physician and botanist dioscorides. Pdf studies on nanobiotechnology control of postharvest rot in. Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Contribution of aroma compounds to the antioxidant properties. We aim to test the efficacy of edible dioscorea species grown and consumed in nigeria, africa on two breast cancer cell lines. Effect of photoperiod on the development of inflorescences.
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